windows 11 doesn't require Secure boot to be on, it just requires PC has ability to turn it on. I have used win 11 for 4 years now with no secure boot on.
The only requirements it might need you to have is the TPM on. Its likely you just need to enable that.
A B550 should be able to enable secure boot. Have you got the latest BIOS (that isn't a beta)
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A bad drive can still show in the BIOS. Do you have another PC you can test it in?
What are specs of PC?